Dandruff: Causes, Simple Remedies, and How to Choose the Right Treatment

Dandruff is one of the most common scalp problems. It shows up as white flakes, itchiness, and sometimes dryness or greasiness. Although it is harmless, it can be embarrassing and uncomfortable. The good news is that dandruff can be managed easily at home with simple care and natural remedies.

Image for illustrative purposes only

This guide will help you understand why dandruff happens, what you can do about it, and which remedies are right for your scalp.

What Actually Causes Dandruff?

Dandruff appears mainly because of:

1) Dry scalp

When the scalp loses moisture, the skin becomes flaky and itchy.

2) Oily scalp

Excess oil traps dirt and dead skin, making the flakes stick together.

3) Using too many hair products

Hair sprays, gels, chemicals, and harsh shampoos upset the scalp’s natural balance.

4) Dust, pollution, and sweat

They irritate the scalp, leading to itching and flaking.

5) Stress and irregular routine

Lack of sleep, irregular meals, and high stress can worsen dandruff.

6) Not washing hair properly

Too much washing or too little washing — both can cause flakes.

How to Identify Your Scalp Type

A simple way to find out which type of dandruff you have:

1. Dry, white, light flakes

– Flakes fall easily on the shoulders
– Scalp feels tight or rough
– Hair looks dull
→ This is dry dandruff

2. Yellowish, sticky flakes

– Hair becomes oily quickly
– Flakes stick to hair strands
– Itching is common
→ This is oily dandruff

Natural Remedies According to Your Scalp Type

For Dry Dandruff

When your scalp lacks moisture and nourishment, it becomes dry, tight, and flaky. To bring it back to balance, your scalp needs gentle hydration and ingredients that restore softness and comfort.

1) Warm Oil Massage (2 times a week)

Use almond oil, olive oil, or sesame oil.
Massage gently for 5–7 minutes before washing your hair.

Why it helps: Keeps scalp hydrated and reduces flaking.

2) Aloe Vera Gel (Before Shampoo)

Apply fresh aloe vera gel for 20 minutes.

Why it helps: Soothes itchiness and gives moisture.

3) Fenugreek (Methi) Paste

Soak overnight → grind into paste → apply for 30 minutes.

Why it helps: Softens scalp and reduces dryness naturally.

For Oily Dandruff

When your scalp produces more oil than it needs, it can trap dust and flakes, making dandruff more noticeable. To improve this condition, your scalp needs regular cleansing and ingredients that help balance excess oil without drying it out.

1) Neem or Tea Infused Water Rinse

Boil neem leaves or tea leaves → cool → use as last rinse.

Why it helps: Reduces itching and keeps scalp clean.

2) Yogurt with a Pinch of Turmeric

Apply for 20 minutes.

Why it helps: Balances oil and refreshes the scalp.

3) Lemon Water Rinse

Mix the juice of half a lemon in one mug of water.
Pour after shampoo.

Why it helps: Removes excess oil and reduces flakes.

Simple Hair-Wash Routine for Best Results

Follow this routine 2–3 times a week to keep your scalp clean, comfortable, and naturally balanced. Consistency is the key to seeing gradual improvement.

Step 1: Pre-Wash (10–20 Minutes Before Bath)

→ Dry scalp: oil or aloe vera
→ Oily scalp: yogurt, lemon, or neem water

Step 2: Gentle Shampoo

Use a mild herbal or sulfate-free shampoo.

Step 3: Post-Wash Care

→ Dry scalp: apply a few drops of light oil on damp hair
→ Oily scalp: simply let hair dry naturally, avoid heavy conditioners on the scalp

Healthy Habits That Reduce Dandruff

These habits matter more than any remedy:

• Wash hair regularly 2–3 times a week

• Avoid scratching the scalp

• Keep hair clean after sweating

• Change pillowcases frequently

• Reduce stress and sleep well

• Drink plenty of water

• Brush hair gently to improve circulation

When Should You See a Professional?

If dandruff:

• is very itchy

• causes redness or discomfort

• keeps returning

• increases even after home remedies

Then a professional can guide you with better treatment options.

Final Thoughts

Dandruff is very common and easy to manage with the right care.
Once you understand whether your scalp is dry or oily, choosing the correct remedy becomes simple. With consistent care and a gentle routine, your scalp becomes clean, calm, and flake-free.

Disclaimer

This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any scalp or hair condition. Natural remedies may not suit every individual. If you experience persistent irritation, excessive flaking, or discomfort, please seek guidance from a trained professional.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the biggest reason people get dandruff?

Dandruff usually happens when the scalp becomes too dry, too oily, or reacts to weather, products, or buildup. Keeping the scalp clean and balanced helps most people.

2. Can natural remedies help reduce dandruff?

Yes, gentle natural ingredients can support scalp comfort and reduce flakes over time. They work best when used regularly and according to your scalp type.

3. How often should I wash my hair if I have dandruff?

Most people do well by washing their hair 2–3 times a week with a mild shampoo. This helps control oil, remove buildup, and keep the scalp fresh.

4. Does stress make dandruff worse?

Yes, stress can affect scalp health and may increase flakes for some people. Simple habits like rest, hydration, and good sleep support a healthier scalp.

5. Can I oil my hair if I have dandruff?

You can oil the hair if your scalp is dry, but oily scalps should avoid heavy oils. Choose remedies based on your scalp type for best results.

6. Will dandruff go away on its own?

Mild dandruff often improves with regular care, gentle cleansing, and the right natural ingredients. Consistency is the key.

7. Can changing shampoo help?

Yes, using a mild shampoo and avoiding harsh products helps reduce irritation and flakes.

8. Is dandruff contagious?

No, dandruff is not contagious. You cannot “catch” it from someone.

9. Can weather changes cause dandruff?

Yes. Winter dryness, summer humidity, pollution, and hard water can all affect the scalp and may increase flakes.

10. Should I scratch my scalp when it itches?

Avoid scratching. It irritates the scalp more and may increase flakes. Use soothing, gentle remedies instead.

References

1. Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana – Chapters on scalp health, dosha balance, and herbal actions.

2. Sushruta Samhita – Sections describing skin, hair, and microbial conditions of the scalp.

3. Ayurvedic Formulary of India – Guidelines on the use of Neem, Bhringraj, Amla, and other herbs for scalp disorders.

4. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu – Detailed descriptions of herbs like Nimba (Neem), Amalaki, Haritaki, and their effects on dandruff.

5. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine – Articles on dandruff pathogenesis, scalp microbiome, and Ayurvedic management.

6. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology – Studies on natural anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory ingredients for dandruff.

7. AYUSH Ministry Publications – Recommendations regarding scalp cleansing, oil balance, and herbal hair care.